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寻找 Node 分类的反事实证据

Finding Counterfactual Evidences for Node Classification

Dazhuo Qiu, Jinwen Chen, Arijit Khan, Yan Zhao, Francesco Bonchi

arXiv
2025年5月16日

反事实学习正在成为一种重要的范式,植根于因果关系,有望缓解图形神经网络(GNN)的常见问题,例如公平和可解释性。 然而,正如在许多现实世界的应用领域一样,进行随机对照试验是不切实际的,人们必须依靠现有的观察(事实)数据来检测反事实。 在本文中,我们介绍并解决了为基于GNN的节点分类任务搜索反事实证据的问题。 反事实证据是一对节点,无论它们的特性及其邻域子图结构中表现出很大的相似性,它们都被GNN分类不同。 我们开发高效和有效的搜索算法和新颖的索引解决方案,利用节点特征和结构信息来识别反事实证据,并推广到任何特定的GNN之外。 通过各种下游应用,我们展示了反事实证据在增强GNN的公正性和准确性方面的潜力。

Counterfactual learning is emerging as an important paradigm, rooted in causality, which promises to alleviate common issues of graph neural networks (GNNs), such as fairness and interpretability. However, as in many real-world application domains where conducting randomized controlled trials is impractical, one has to rely on available observational (factual) data to detect counterfactuals. In this paper, we introduce and tackle the problem of searching for counterfactual evidences for the GNN-...